【閆恒一包養網 班布日】全國次序與“年夜一統”的意識形態——以“夷夏之辨”為中間

[Keyword] nationwide; a major; “Since the cultivation of literature and morality”; the relationship between the barbarians and the Xia Dynasty

In the conceptual structure of Huaxia Zhidao. “National” has never been a natural concept, but a concept of management that is constructed by humans and has been born from birth. As a management concept, the country includes at most two levels of meaning. In the meantime, the country is a basic element of legality. People under a single sky may not have a national consciousness. It points to cooperate and gather together, that is, to form a state, tribe, and neighborhood in a scattered state. “Shangshu” has two notes on this: “The emperor’s destiny is always in all the world, and he is the king of the whole country.” “All the people are extremely polite, and they are close to the emperor’s light. The emperor is called “https://sites.google.com/view/sugarpapa”>Emperor is a common parent, thinking that he is the king of the whole country.” This seems to be able to predict the organization (there are all the world), education (the training is the conduct) and the cultivation (the parent) formed the components of the late Chinese monarchs in conformity with the laws. In addition, the whole country is a central structure with a layer-wide expansion in the order of “king”. “Pensuan” has a classic statement about this: “Under the heavens, it is difficult to do the king’s land; by following the earth, it is difficult to do the king’s ministers.”In my view, the world is covered by sea water, and the habitable land is in the sea water, so it is said that “there are nine provinces in Chi County, and the Yinghai River is outside.” In the Chengzhou classic “Shan Hai Ju”, a radiant structure with the “Zhongshan Ju” (that is, the middle and lower regions of the Yellow River such as Shanxi, Henan, and Xi) is shaped. It is a political space with five directions and four dimensions in order. The Mongolian Master Chief Teacher pointed out: “What Confucians talk about the whole country is now “China”; what the author of “Shan Hai” calls the whole country is now “The whole world”.” In the concept of highly overlapping between the middle of the world and the middle of civilization, China is located on the ground in “Huaxia”, that is, on the Huangtu Plateau; it is called “Huaxia” in politics and civilization, which is the only source of civilization spreading to surrounding wastelands.

The national view of this zigzag structure is actually not unique to Huaxia. Based on the long-term evolution of world history, since modern times, the formation of countries has not been based on the common people’s perception, nor even simply on religion and civilization, but often on a political order based on a unified civilization. This political order is based on the long-term existence of a “super country” and is based on it as the middle, a stable existence in a region for a long time. Although the political groups of super countries will change and the ethnic groups will also change, this political order will not change violently. Taking Europe as an example, European civilization originated from Greece, and political construction originated from the Roman Empire, which inherited Greek civilization. The political order that the Roman Empire continued was extremely long and almost covered the modern history of Europe. It is generally believed that in 395 AD, the Roman Empire broke into the East and West divisions. In 476 AD, the Western Roman Empire was destroyed. In the feudal era of Western Europeans, by 1453, the Eastern Roman Empire was destroyed, and Roman became the historical Chen. In fact, it was a habit to divide the Roman Empire from the beginning. Since 250 AD, in order to effectively govern the vast country, there were often multiple emperors in the Roman Empire, including “two emperors and four emperors and four emperors and four emperors and they were also “two emperors and four emperors and others.” After the invasion of the Fresh tribes, many Fresh tribe kingdoms formed in the Roman territory also regarded Roma as the sect leader and considered themselves to be his vassal. In the end, Odoac, the banned military officer of the last emperor of Siroma, was to dismiss the Western emperor. The goal of dismissing the Western emperor was to apology to the emperor of the Eastern Romans. In terms of legal theory, the entire Europe was still the Roman Empire. Later, King Charlemagne of France was crowned by Pope Roma and became Emperor Roma, inheriting the French regime of Emperor Siroma. His descendants were always the “Sacred Roman Empire”. This law was deposed by Napole until 1806. The Roman Law, which was compiled during the Roman Empire, was inherited by various feudal countries in Western Europe. German scholars created the concept of “the Reception of Roman Law”, aiming to describe the learning and reception of Roman Law in various countries and regions in Medieval Western Europe. Despite the weakening of Roman power after the rise of the Siroman Empire,But it did not die. In the major countries and regions of the zodiac rule, Roman law is still spreading and developing, in a state of inconspicuous and continuous development: “The Roman law predominates the source of the decree in this period. It can even be said that, except for the Germans in the past period who cared about the first legislative laws made by the major Italians, Roman law is a unique source of law. However, even in those Germans’ Among the laws, Roman law is almost the most important or unique constituent element. “As for the imperial system of Dong Luo, it lasted for thousands of years. Although it was destroyed by Osman Turkey in 1453, its legal system was inherited by Russia. At that time, Russia’s Zhigong married the last princess of Dong Luo as his wife, calling himself the Third Roman, and changed his honor to the “Tsar”, which is the Russian pronunciation of the Roman emperor “Zheza”. The French state of Toroma did not end until the collapse of Tsarist Russia in the First World War. Therefore, in modern history, Europe can be called “Roman Political Order Block”.

In Central Asia and West Asia, before 651 AD, it was a political order created by the Persian Empire (ancient Persian Empire and Sasan Persian Empire). Later, it was replaced by the Arab political order based on Islamic civilization, but Powen Yaming still existed indistinctly. For example, many Islamic monarchs still used the Persian “King of Kings” as their honor, and their management also followed the Persian methods. Arabs learned and received a large number of Polish elegance, which could also be verified from Arabic languages, thus forming the “Persian-Arab political order block”. This political order was until the death of the Osman Turkish Empire in 1922.

The long-term existence of “super country” in the order of civilization is based on the focus of civilizational identity, which laid the foundation for the birth of the “big unity” concept. However, when implemented in the control system setting, a large number of historical experiences and understandings have been produced. Later generations often equal “big unity” to “big unity”, using “power unity” to conceal “good governance unity”. Based on the “big unity” after the Legalist reform, it highly emphasizes the centralization of regional space, the core of centralization and scientific power. Based on this, political scholars such as Max Veber and Fukuyama concluded that China is The conclusion of “premature countries” or even “modern countries”; on the other hand, Confucianism’s “unique” and its derived theories often exaggerate